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| Population, total | 32,440,069.0 | 39,089,934.0 | 46,969,940.0 | 47,437,512.0 | 48,131,078.0 | 49,024,465.0 | 49,907,985.0 | 50,629,997.0 | 51,188,173.0 | 51,737,944.0 | 52,321,152.0 | 52,886,363.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 2.1 | 1.6 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 1,141,750.0 | 1,141,750.0 | 1,141,749.0 | 1,141,749.0 | 1,141,749.0 | 1,141,750.0 | 1,141,750.0 | 1,140,619.1 | 1,140,619.1 | 1,140,619.1 | 1,140,619.1 | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 29.2 | 35.2 | 42.3 | 42.8 | 43.4 | 44.2 | 45.0 | 45.6 | 46.1 | 46.6 | 47.2 | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | 36.8 | 36.8 | 35.9 | 35.5 | 36.5 | 43.1 | 39.7 | 36.6 | 34.6 | 31.8 | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | .. | 23.9 | 8.1 | 8.0 | 7.3 | 7.4 | 8.8 | 13.5 | 11.2 | 9.3 | 7.7 | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 43,893,397,365.0 | 92,669,093,768.0 | 348,545,494,567.2 | 311,102,697,309.3 | 290,428,821,000.3 | 311,265,472,385.8 | 330,794,134,537.6 | 296,080,308,249.0 | 322,872,875,619.6 | 339,395,556,322.0 | 351,813,865,866.2 | 372,510,473,189.2 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 1,350.0 | 2,370.0 | 7,420.0 | 6,560.0 | 6,030.0 | 6,350.0 | 6,630.0 | 5,850.0 | 6,310.0 | 6,560.0 | 6,720.0 | 7,040.0 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 159,109,965,938.9 | 259,151,794,830.0 | 618,044,934,989.2 | 658,039,414,706.7 | 681,250,506,662.5 | 728,608,189,905.7 | 789,964,918,998.9 | 778,428,458,201.7 | 881,765,810,050.2 | 1,033,748,777,908.9 | 1,067,625,670,661.6 | 1,113,724,131,363.0 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 4,900.0 | 6,630.0 | 13,160.0 | 13,870.0 | 14,150.0 | 14,860.0 | 15,830.0 | 15,370.0 | 17,230.0 | 19,980.0 | 20,410.0 | 21,060.0 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | 2.1 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 3.7 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.4 | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 68.7 | 70.9 | 76.1 | 76.2 | 76.4 | 76.6 | 76.8 | 74.8 | 72.7 | 76.5 | 77.7 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 3.0 | 2.6 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 93.2 | 94.5 | 69.8 | 66.8 | 66.0 | 65.2 | 64.3 | 62.9 | 62.0 | 60.2 | 59.5 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 66.1 | 76.9 | 81.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | 80.6 | 86.1 | 99.0 | 95.9 | 99.3 | 98.4 | 98.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 35.7 | 25.1 | 15.6 | 15.1 | 14.6 | 14.1 | 13.7 | 13.2 | 12.8 | 12.4 | 12.0 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 4.9 | .. | 3.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 82.0 | 88.0 | 94.0 | 93.0 | 93.0 | 95.0 | 95.0 | 90.0 | 86.0 | 88.0 | 93.0 | 93.0 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | 100.2 | 102.4 | 103.1 | 106.4 | 105.6 | 103.5 | 99.6 | 99.2 | 97.1 | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | .. | 124.3 | 115.5 | 115.4 | 113.3 | 111.7 | 109.4 | 107.1 | 106.5 | 104.8 | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | .. | 76.4 | 97.7 | 98.4 | 99.2 | 100.4 | 102.0 | 101.5 | 103.0 | 101.6 | .. | .. | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 649,581.4 | 627,355.0 | 601,346.6 | 599,594.9 | 597,397.7 | 595,404.8 | 593,412.0 | 591,419.1 | 589,426.3 | 587,433.4 | 585,440.5 | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 9.3 | 9.4 | 12.7 | 15.7 | 15.7 | 17.0 | 17.0 | 16.7 | 16.7 | 26.4 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | 0.4 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 2.8 | 2.2 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.4 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 751.4 | 667.6 | 887.3 | 911.0 | 859.1 | 816.3 | 889.8 | 810.1 | 872.7 | 851.2 | 862.6 | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 889.4 | 857.4 | 1,512.9 | 1,478.4 | 1,533.1 | 1,466.9 | 1,531.8 | 1,470.3 | 1,514.1 | 1,528.1 | 1,552.8 | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 47,844,090,710.0 | 99,875,074,951.0 | 293,492,370,193.2 | 282,720,100,286.2 | 311,866,875,156.9 | 334,198,218,098.3 | 323,031,701,192.8 | 270,348,342,541.5 | 318,524,633,225.4 | 345,632,492,851.4 | 366,291,836,137.9 | 418,542,042,920.2 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 4.3 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 2.1 | 1.4 | 2.6 | 3.2 | -7.2 | 10.8 | 7.3 | 0.7 | 1.7 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 52.3 | 33.7 | 2.4 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 4.0 | 1.5 | 7.8 | 14.9 | 7.0 | 5.8 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 17.1 | 8.3 | 6.0 | 6.6 | 6.4 | 6.2 | 6.4 | 7.5 | 7.8 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 9.3 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 31.5 | 27.3 | 28.6 | 27.7 | 26.8 | 26.9 | 26.0 | 23.4 | 24.6 | 26.1 | 24.7 | 23.1 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 18.9 | 15.9 | 15.7 | 14.7 | 15.1 | 15.9 | 15.9 | 13.5 | 16.2 | 20.4 | 17.8 | 16.0 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 15.9 | 16.8 | 22.7 | 21.5 | 20.1 | 20.6 | 21.7 | 20.5 | 23.9 | 27.9 | 22.6 | 20.9 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 20.6 | 14.9 | 23.8 | 23.2 | 21.6 | 21.2 | 21.4 | 19.1 | 18.9 | 19.8 | 16.4 | 17.1 | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | 15.5 | 24.1 | 24.2 | 22.6 | 23.5 | 25.6 | 23.7 | 23.5 | 25.4 | 28.4 | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | 11.2 | 15.8 | 14.4 | 14.9 | 14.6 | 14.9 | 14.0 | 14.4 | 15.3 | 17.6 | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 1.9 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.5 | 3.2 | 2.8 | 2.9 | .. | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 5.8 | 122.1 | 123.7 | 129.3 | 131.6 | 132.8 | 133.7 | 146.6 | 156.2 | 167.0 | .. | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 9.8 | 10.2 | 9.0 | 7.2 | 9.0 | 9.9 | 8.2 | 8.4 | 8.6 | .. | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 25.7 | 24.6 | 30.6 | 27.1 | 26.6 | 27.8 | 28.5 | 27.6 | 31.8 | 38.9 | 30.7 | 27.2 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 73.5 | 90.4 | 100.0 | 98.9 | 115.7 | 126.5 | 124.8 | 105.3 | 126.4 | 154.1 | 139.1 | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 17,411,174,140.2 | 34,329,248,550.6 | 113,361,779,932.3 | 120,828,327,723.7 | 126,139,135,685.3 | 133,325,292,143.3 | 138,984,653,215.0 | 155,773,467,816.4 | 172,155,295,075.0 | 184,402,842,410.2 | 197,505,176,816.2 | .. | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 43.1 | 30.6 | 27.6 | 33.1 | 40.9 | 40.8 | 33.0 | 50.8 | 44.6 | 33.9 | 37.0 | .. | |
| Net migration | -7,590.0 | -27,878.0 | -41,123.0 | 104,373.0 | 431,072.0 | 495,524.0 | 396,826.0 | 227,130.0 | 199,070.0 | 183,180.0 | 154,521.0 | 141,643.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | 495,000,000.0 | 1,610,122,976.3 | 5,001,596,492.3 | 5,191,956,875.2 | 5,818,773,635.1 | 6,675,079,294.0 | 7,116,297,148.7 | 6,924,526,135.6 | 8,608,268,970.9 | 9,454,507,516.9 | 10,111,593,424.1 | 11,873,232,976.3 | |
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