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Population, total | 9,159,356.0 | 11,925,546.0 | 18,229,461.0 | 18,777,487.0 | 19,334,856.0 | 19,894,407.0 | 20,438,288.0 | 20,961,952.0 | 21,478,690.0 | 21,995,243.0 | 22,509,038.0 | 23,025,776.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 2.6 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 274,220.0 | 274,220.0 | 274,220.0 | 274,220.0 | 274,220.0 | 274,220.0 | 274,220.0 | 274,200.0 | 274,200.0 | 274,200.0 | 274,200.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 33.5 | 43.6 | 66.6 | 68.6 | 70.7 | 72.7 | 74.7 | 76.6 | 78.5 | 80.4 | 82.3 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 41.4 | .. | .. | 43.2 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | 39.6 | .. | .. | .. | 31.2 | .. | .. | 25.3 | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 2,922,762,679.1 | 3,135,673,598.5 | 13,374,188,290.8 | 12,719,827,561.7 | 12,626,356,083.9 | 12,947,522,457.5 | 14,844,368,559.0 | 15,808,056,721.0 | 16,678,684,589.9 | 18,355,251,578.2 | 19,356,556,225.2 | 19,697,494,427.1 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 320.0 | 260.0 | 730.0 | 680.0 | 650.0 | 650.0 | 730.0 | 750.0 | 780.0 | 830.0 | 860.0 | 860.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 5,180,543,426.1 | 10,677,475,199.6 | 28,969,717,707.3 | 30,316,565,398.3 | 34,762,910,787.1 | 39,106,923,342.5 | 41,036,118,953.7 | 44,729,069,839.1 | 49,348,669,869.4 | 52,126,025,636.8 | 56,968,054,381.2 | 60,808,373,952.3 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 570.0 | 900.0 | 1,590.0 | 1,610.0 | 1,800.0 | 1,970.0 | 2,010.0 | 2,130.0 | 2,300.0 | 2,370.0 | 2,530.0 | 2,640.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | 8.3 | .. | .. | .. | 6.3 | .. | .. | 7.3 | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 49.4 | 50.8 | 58.4 | 58.8 | 59.3 | 59.5 | 60.0 | 60.0 | 59.7 | 59.3 | 59.8 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 7.0 | 6.5 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.7 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 145.7 | 132.8 | 122.2 | 119.4 | 114.5 | 109.2 | 104.2 | 96.7 | 91.5 | 90.1 | 88.6 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | 18.4 | 21.2 | 25.4 | 25.7 | .. | 32.5 | 29.6 | 35.2 | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | .. | .. | 79.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 198.0 | 178.0 | 104.0 | 100.4 | 96.9 | 93.6 | 90.3 | 87.3 | 84.3 | 81.4 | 78.8 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | 20.0 | 22.8 | 18.9 | 16.2 | 17.7 | 16.4 | 12.7 | 17.4 | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 79.0 | 48.0 | 88.0 | 88.0 | 88.0 | 88.0 | 88.0 | 88.0 | 88.0 | 88.0 | 91.0 | 94.0 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 19.1 | 23.9 | 60.0 | 60.7 | 60.3 | 61.6 | 62.8 | 61.8 | 62.0 | 63.8 | 58.4 | 51.7 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 31.6 | 43.1 | 84.9 | 85.4 | 87.6 | 89.7 | 91.7 | 90.0 | 87.8 | 87.1 | 82.4 | 72.3 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 6.8 | 9.9 | 29.7 | 33.1 | 35.2 | 37.4 | 39.8 | 40.3 | 39.4 | 38.3 | 33.7 | 30.9 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | .. | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 2.3 | 1.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 77,166.0 | 72,165.0 | 65,164.2 | 64,664.0 | 64,164.0 | 63,664.0 | 63,164.0 | 62,664.0 | 62,164.0 | 61,664.0 | 61,164.0 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 15.1 | 14.9 | 14.9 | 14.9 | 16.4 | 16.4 | 16.4 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 2.8 | 5.2 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.5 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.5 | 6.9 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.3 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 3,101,300,778.6 | 2,968,370,087.6 | 13,943,016,076.7 | 11,832,159,315.6 | 12,833,363,045.3 | 14,106,955,615.3 | 15,890,066,221.3 | 16,032,813,503.4 | 17,725,010,532.5 | 19,697,516,284.4 | 18,820,218,690.6 | 20,324,617,844.5 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | -0.6 | 1.9 | 4.3 | 3.9 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 6.6 | 5.9 | 2.0 | 6.9 | 1.5 | 3.0 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 1.8 | -0.8 | -0.6 | -2.2 | 2.6 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 6.5 | 0.1 | 5.9 | 2.0 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 28.0 | 24.9 | 23.7 | 22.6 | 21.7 | 20.6 | 21.0 | 18.2 | 17.9 | 17.3 | 18.5 | 16.3 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 20.4 | 21.9 | 24.9 | 24.4 | 24.9 | 25.2 | 25.6 | 27.4 | 29.5 | 28.5 | 28.7 | 29.3 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 11.0 | 8.8 | 26.9 | 26.1 | 25.9 | 26.5 | 28.1 | 29.3 | 31.8 | 32.8 | 31.7 | 28.9 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 24.5 | 26.3 | 31.9 | 33.0 | 32.0 | 32.8 | 32.5 | 31.2 | 29.0 | 29.6 | 33.1 | 36.0 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 18.9 | 14.6 | 19.3 | 19.4 | 20.8 | 22.1 | 21.7 | 19.8 | 17.2 | 15.5 | 17.5 | 22.5 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 15.5 | 15.0 | 16.2 | 16.8 | 16.8 | 18.6 | 16.0 | 18.1 | 19.7 | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 13.7 | 13.3 | 14.1 | 15.3 | 15.3 | 15.6 | 13.4 | 15.9 | 17.7 | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 2.7 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.9 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 3.0 | 4.0 | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.2 | 68.8 | 77.2 | 79.9 | 90.5 | 94.8 | 97.2 | 102.8 | 111.7 | .. | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 11.1 | 5.0 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 25.8 | 3.4 | 2.3 | 1.5 | 3.8 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 22.2 | 27.6 | 43.2 | 44.4 | 45.6 | 47.7 | 47.5 | 46.9 | 47.9 | 49.0 | 53.3 | 51.0 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 100.3 | 84.4 | 96.0 | 100.0 | 111.7 | 111.4 | 105.1 | 112.3 | 142.4 | 120.9 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 833,673,417.3 | 1,446,330,172.4 | 10,302,548,966.3 | 12,601,802,193.7 | 10,251,883,007.9 | 12,771,161,142.4 | 10,623,968,206.9 | 9,159,426,696.4 | 9,761,067,268.3 | 10,295,656,043.8 | 9,851,008,083.5 | 10,397,389,534.4 | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 9.4 | 19.0 | 37.2 | 55.2 | 35.8 | 40.3 | 63.2 | 49.5 | 38.7 | 7.6 | 17.6 | 13.8 | |
Net migration | -32,970.0 | 3,877.0 | -17,984.0 | -19,726.0 | -7,598.0 | -14,780.0 | -23,938.0 | -25,240.0 | -5,661.0 | -13,079.0 | -24,960.0 | -24,957.0 | |
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