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Population, total | 225,923,327.0 | 287,065,982.0 | 397,922,915.0 | 406,501,999.0 | 415,077,960.0 | 423,664,839.0 | 432,545,676.0 | 441,467,739.0 | 449,228,296.0 | 456,520,777.0 | 464,684,914.0 | 473,272,080.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 3.2 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.8 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 13,796,798.9 | 13,796,818.9 | 13,166,221.9 | 13,166,229.9 | 13,166,230.9 | 13,166,231.9 | 13,166,231.9 | 13,166,232.9 | 13,166,234.9 | 13,166,242.9 | .. | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 16.6 | 21.1 | 30.4 | 31.0 | 31.7 | 32.3 | 33.0 | 33.7 | 34.3 | 34.8 | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 589,995,433,844.1 | 693,614,627,853.8 | 2,931,394,687,602.4 | 2,811,372,822,391.1 | 2,685,185,790,720.7 | 2,556,493,683,439.8 | 2,715,856,070,202.9 | 2,871,153,180,291.1 | 2,692,262,840,182.3 | 2,923,836,896,564.1 | 3,309,638,806,929.4 | 3,468,998,646,788.1 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 2,611.5 | 2,416.2 | 7,366.7 | 6,916.0 | 6,469.1 | 6,034.2 | 6,278.8 | 6,503.7 | 5,993.1 | 6,404.6 | 7,122.3 | 7,329.8 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 1,593,948,842,681.3 | 2,880,144,327,416.3 | 6,266,872,502,754.9 | 5,820,664,492,246.5 | 5,763,100,568,637.8 | 6,127,270,120,374.4 | 6,642,785,165,326.7 | 6,816,655,339,562.6 | 6,377,145,118,248.6 | 7,093,776,718,200.1 | 8,011,435,316,569.0 | 8,394,136,849,245.2 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 7,055.3 | 10,033.0 | 15,749.0 | 14,318.9 | 13,884.4 | 14,462.5 | 15,357.4 | 15,440.9 | 14,195.8 | 15,538.8 | 17,240.6 | 17,736.4 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 62.9 | 67.3 | 70.5 | 70.8 | 70.9 | 71.4 | 71.6 | 71.8 | 70.9 | 70.8 | 71.2 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 5.1 | 3.9 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.1 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 70.2 | 55.2 | 53.8 | 52.8 | 50.9 | 49.7 | 48.6 | 47.5 | 46.6 | 45.7 | 44.6 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | 35.7 | 44.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | 53.3 | 70.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 89.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 81.7 | 59.7 | 38.4 | 37.5 | 36.5 | 35.8 | 35.2 | 34.1 | 32.9 | 32.3 | 31.4 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 77.0 | 81.9 | 83.9 | 84.0 | 86.2 | 85.7 | 84.6 | 84.7 | 82.6 | 82.2 | 83.0 | .. | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 68.4 | 75.0 | 80.9 | 80.3 | 80.1 | 80.2 | 81.2 | 81.5 | 82.6 | 82.9 | 84.0 | 85.4 | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 81.0 | 86.7 | 90.6 | 90.6 | 90.7 | 90.8 | 91.1 | 91.3 | 91.7 | 91.5 | 90.4 | 91.7 | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 50.9 | 58.0 | 67.2 | 67.8 | 68.2 | 68.7 | 68.9 | 69.1 | 69.1 | 69.9 | 71.2 | 70.7 | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 507,946.2 | 483,351.7 | 382,463.4 | 380,038.2 | 377,730.6 | 375,191.7 | 372,634.1 | 370,302.7 | 367,980.7 | 365,652.4 | .. | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 4.3 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 3.4 | 3.3 | .. | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | .. | .. | 183.8 | 181.0 | 183.9 | 203.7 | 196.0 | 216.4 | 206.2 | 203.8 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.1 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.3 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 1,073.4 | 1,272.9 | 1,916.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 1,056.3 | 1,492.0 | 2,440.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 640,090,916,280.6 | 760,659,530,858.8 | 2,905,075,942,181.6 | 2,544,136,348,540.2 | 2,499,965,913,229.9 | 2,571,053,716,382.9 | 2,865,543,585,778.0 | 2,898,668,715,645.6 | 2,576,553,324,185.6 | 2,969,116,805,615.6 | 3,613,682,354,462.2 | 3,491,516,939,569.9 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 9.5 | 6.6 | 2.4 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 1.5 | 2.6 | 1.7 | -5.4 | 5.1 | 5.8 | 0.9 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 9.7 | 10.9 | 1.0 | -2.1 | 0.9 | 5.0 | 7.0 | 1.7 | 1.2 | 11.7 | 13.2 | -0.2 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 10.5 | 7.4 | 5.0 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 5.0 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 5.6 | 4.9 | 4.2 | 4.7 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 57.5 | 50.0 | 49.7 | 40.6 | 38.3 | 40.9 | 44.7 | 42.5 | 37.8 | 42.7 | 49.5 | .. | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 48.9 | 41.0 | 38.1 | 42.5 | 45.0 | 43.1 | 35.8 | .. | .. | .. | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 27.4 | 30.0 | 38.6 | 40.9 | 38.6 | 39.6 | 37.1 | 37.8 | 35.5 | 35.3 | .. | .. | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 30.5 | 19.7 | 25.6 | 28.3 | 28.4 | 27.7 | 26.5 | 26.7 | 25.6 | 24.0 | 23.6 | .. | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 28.0 | 20.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 19.6 | 22.2 | 23.3 | 21.6 | 20.7 | 19.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 3.5 | 3.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | .. | 6.4 | 6.4 | 7.5 | 6.2 | 6.4 | 5.9 | 5.4 | 5.8 | 5.1 | 4.9 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 3.1 | 104.2 | 103.0 | 100.4 | 98.2 | 96.4 | 96.7 | 96.2 | 99.2 | 102.9 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 3.9 | 2.8 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 4.4 | 1.9 | .. | .. | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 38.3 | 56.8 | 75.2 | 68.3 | 63.4 | 67.0 | 69.6 | 69.2 | 62.1 | 72.7 | 78.2 | 76.3 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Net migration | -2,012,275.0 | -4,273.0 | -184,490.0 | -194,516.0 | 3,140.0 | 13,305.0 | 511,128.0 | 139,844.0 | -1,585,167.0 | -458,710.0 | 308,780.0 | 298,369.0 | |
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