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| Population, total | 3,286,542.0 | 3,089,027.0 | 2,880,703.0 | 2,876,101.0 | 2,873,457.0 | 2,866,376.0 | 2,854,191.0 | 2,837,849.0 | 2,811,666.0 | 2,777,689.0 | 2,745,972.0 | 2,714,617.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 1.8 | -0.6 | -0.3 | -0.2 | -0.1 | -0.2 | -0.4 | -0.6 | -0.9 | -1.2 | -1.1 | -1.1 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 28,750.0 | 28,750.0 | 28,750.0 | 28,750.0 | 28,750.0 | 28,750.0 | 28,750.0 | 28,750.0 | 28,750.0 | 28,750.0 | 28,750.0 | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 119.9 | 112.7 | 105.1 | 105.0 | 104.9 | 104.6 | 104.2 | 103.6 | 102.6 | 101.4 | 100.2 | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | 23.7 | 23.4 | 23.0 | 21.8 | 22.0 | 20.6 | 19.7 | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 0.3 | 0.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 2,144,674,610.3 | 3,491,414,609.0 | 12,715,417,093.2 | 12,563,409,307.2 | 12,458,632,586.9 | 14,078,519,289.9 | 15,139,915,795.0 | 15,103,517,323.0 | 17,283,334,175.1 | 18,934,330,930.4 | 21,085,442,634.2 | 23,594,433,056.9 | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 650.0 | 1,130.0 | 4,410.0 | 4,370.0 | 4,340.0 | 4,910.0 | 5,300.0 | 5,320.0 | 6,150.0 | 6,820.0 | 7,680.0 | 8,690.0 | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | 8,719,242,305.5 | 12,643,489,371.8 | 34,240,470,271.5 | 35,676,571,112.5 | 37,459,655,814.8 | 39,217,645,203.9 | 41,672,785,279.1 | 40,507,909,976.8 | 44,718,234,209.9 | 53,074,566,573.2 | 57,641,631,938.1 | 63,276,179,675.0 | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 2,650.0 | 4,090.0 | 11,890.0 | 12,400.0 | 13,040.0 | 13,680.0 | 14,600.0 | 14,270.0 | 15,900.0 | 19,110.0 | 20,990.0 | 23,310.0 | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | 7.7 | 7.3 | 7.6 | 7.9 | 8.5 | 8.4 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 72.7 | 74.8 | 78.4 | 78.6 | 78.9 | 79.2 | 79.5 | 77.8 | 76.8 | 78.8 | 79.6 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 3.0 | 2.2 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 15.8 | 14.7 | 20.7 | 18.5 | 16.8 | 15.5 | 14.9 | 14.0 | 13.0 | 12.8 | 12.8 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | 57.5 | .. | .. | .. | 46.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | 93.0 | 99.1 | .. | .. | .. | 99.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 40.8 | 27.1 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 9.3 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 9.4 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 88.0 | 95.0 | 97.0 | 96.0 | 96.0 | 94.0 | 95.0 | 91.0 | 87.0 | 86.0 | 83.0 | 81.0 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | .. | 98.8 | 99.6 | 106.4 | 102.9 | 98.7 | 99.3 | 97.2 | 101.2 | 95.1 | 107.3 | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | .. | .. | 105.7 | 105.3 | 105.4 | 104.6 | 102.6 | 100.0 | 97.1 | 96.4 | 93.7 | 111.5 | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | .. | .. | 102.4 | 99.2 | 97.6 | 98.8 | 99.0 | 95.9 | 97.7 | 97.3 | 96.1 | 108.4 | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 7,888.0 | 7,693.0 | 7,891.9 | 7,891.8 | 7,889.0 | 7,889.0 | 7,889.0 | 7,889.0 | 7,889.0 | 7,889.0 | 7,889.0 | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 2.2 | 13.1 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 14.2 | 14.2 | 14.2 | 14.2 | 14.2 | 18.0 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 4.5 | 6.8 | 3.4 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 3.6 | 4.2 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 3.0 | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 2.5 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 813.4 | 581.4 | 762.3 | 786.1 | 824.4 | 823.1 | 817.2 | 762.0 | 810.0 | 780.7 | 781.1 | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 552.3 | 1,449.6 | 2,098.1 | 1,994.4 | 2,145.2 | 2,276.7 | 2,297.7 | 2,354.6 | 2,509.9 | 2,507.5 | 2,539.7 | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 2,028,553,750.0 | 3,584,570,164.9 | 11,470,171,827.0 | 11,988,668,784.7 | 13,258,268,435.6 | 15,379,508,329.8 | 15,585,111,614.0 | 15,241,455,556.4 | 18,032,009,220.4 | 19,017,244,116.7 | 23,547,180,412.3 | 27,177,735,527.6 | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | -9.6 | 7.5 | 2.2 | 3.9 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 2.1 | -3.3 | 9.0 | 4.8 | 3.9 | 4.0 | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | -0.4 | 5.9 | 0.8 | -0.9 | 2.7 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 3.4 | 9.9 | 6.1 | 2.7 | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | .. | 22.2 | 18.7 | 19.2 | 18.1 | 17.9 | 18.2 | 18.8 | 17.8 | 17.0 | 16.2 | 15.5 | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | .. | 21.7 | 24.5 | 23.9 | 23.0 | 23.8 | 23.0 | 23.5 | 22.4 | 23.0 | 23.0 | 22.4 | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 15.4 | 19.5 | 27.1 | 28.7 | 31.0 | 31.1 | 30.9 | 22.5 | 31.1 | 37.2 | 38.7 | 36.1 | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 24.0 | 42.1 | 44.2 | 45.3 | 45.8 | 44.6 | 44.4 | 37.0 | 44.5 | 47.5 | 43.8 | 43.0 | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 30.4 | 34.0 | 27.8 | 26.8 | 27.7 | 27.1 | 25.3 | 26.2 | 28.8 | 26.9 | 22.9 | .. | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 24.6 | 24.0 | 25.3 | 25.1 | 24.8 | 23.7 | 25.0 | 24.7 | 24.7 | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 67.6 | 65.7 | 62.5 | 57.6 | 60.7 | 68.7 | 63.6 | 59.7 | 54.9 | 56.1 | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | 18.4 | 17.4 | 18.5 | 18.3 | 17.9 | 16.9 | 18.1 | 18.1 | 17.8 | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 5.9 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.7 | .. | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.9 | 117.3 | 116.3 | 125.1 | 93.8 | 91.2 | 91.2 | 92.5 | 98.4 | 93.0 | .. | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 1.6 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.7 | .. | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 30.1 | 37.7 | 54.2 | 54.8 | 57.0 | 57.2 | 55.3 | 53.0 | 62.5 | 66.8 | 55.5 | 50.1 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | 108.1 | 100.0 | 99.0 | 103.4 | 101.0 | 101.0 | 100.7 | 100.2 | 115.8 | 76.4 | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | 1,122,051,223.3 | 8,446,920,542.7 | 8,516,067,178.0 | 9,801,181,001.7 | 9,650,813,200.5 | 9,274,269,395.1 | 10,477,224,919.8 | 11,054,752,381.6 | 10,420,193,315.8 | 11,363,954,732.5 | .. | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | 4.5 | 33.5 | 15.2 | 11.1 | 20.7 | 11.6 | 29.7 | 14.6 | 9.2 | 8.5 | .. | |
| Net migration | -60,173.0 | -60,531.0 | -20,500.0 | -9,347.0 | -14,901.0 | -15,032.0 | -23,094.0 | -16,680.0 | -32,848.0 | -16,426.0 | -25,357.0 | -24,472.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | .. | 597,800,000.0 | 1,290,863,508.1 | 1,306,009,166.9 | 1,311,822,432.1 | 1,458,210,055.9 | 1,472,812,241.6 | 1,465,987,212.5 | 1,718,355,918.3 | 1,745,245,135.8 | 2,036,169,283.3 | 2,274,440,593.6 | |
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