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| Population, total | 12,579,208.0 | 16,637,888.0 | 19,424,618.0 | 19,193,834.0 | 19,224,668.0 | 19,577,845.0 | 20,353,534.0 | 21,049,429.0 | 21,628,839.0 | 22,462,173.0 | 23,594,623.0 | 24,672,760.0 | |
| Population growth (annual %) | 3.2 | 2.5 | -4.3 | -1.2 | 0.2 | 1.8 | 3.9 | 3.4 | 2.7 | 3.8 | 4.9 | 4.5 | |
| Surface area (sq. km) | 185,180.0 | 185,180.0 | 185,180.0 | 185,180.0 | 185,180.0 | 185,180.0 | 185,180.0 | 185,180.0 | 185,180.0 | 185,180.0 | 185,180.0 | .. | |
| Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 68.4 | 90.5 | 105.8 | 104.5 | 104.7 | 106.6 | 110.8 | 114.6 | 117.8 | 122.3 | 128.5 | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP) (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 16.5 | .. | .. | |
| GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 10,127,231,858.8 | 14,831,064,206.4 | 17,395,487,482.4 | 14,481,686,882.6 | 13,780,306,941.5 | 15,780,828,933.3 | 19,649,063,847.0 | 16,700,782,408.3 | 15,248,211,280.9 | 15,883,359,000.9 | 18,235,970,421.0 | .. | |
| GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 810.0 | 890.0 | 900.0 | 750.0 | 720.0 | 810.0 | 970.0 | 790.0 | 700.0 | 710.0 | 770.0 | .. | |
| GNI, PPP (current international $) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 60,494,040,463.4 | 65,175,302,274.2 | 68,570,667,134.9 | 75,397,839,082.9 | 95,729,079,619.3 | 103,548,131,873.3 | 105,618,539,938.5 | .. | |
| GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 3,150.0 | 3,330.0 | 3,370.0 | 3,580.0 | 4,430.0 | 4,610.0 | 4,480.0 | .. | |
| Income share held by lowest 20% | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 9.2 | .. | .. | |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 69.8 | 70.9 | 63.3 | 65.2 | 65.7 | 67.4 | 71.0 | 71.9 | 72.4 | 72.8 | 72.1 | .. | |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 5.6 | 4.1 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | .. | |
| Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 83.5 | 60.7 | 42.7 | 41.6 | 41.4 | 41.2 | 41.2 | 41.2 | 40.7 | 39.7 | 38.9 | .. | |
| Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 37.0 | 23.2 | 37.0 | 32.2 | 33.0 | 32.6 | 25.0 | 22.4 | 21.0 | 21.1 | 20.6 | .. | |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | 6.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 87.0 | 84.0 | 64.0 | 73.0 | 78.0 | 74.0 | 76.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 52.0 | 74.0 | 81.0 | |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | 89.7 | 88.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 56.8 | 56.3 | 57.8 | 60.1 | 60.1 | |
| School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 106.5 | 102.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 70.4 | 68.6 | 72.1 | 76.8 | 81.4 | |
| School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 50.3 | 43.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 39.1 | 39.5 | 39.6 | 39.5 | 38.7 | |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.9 | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Forest area (sq. km) | 3,720.8 | 4,320.8 | 5,220.8 | 5,220.8 | 5,220.8 | 5,220.8 | 5,220.8 | 5,220.8 | 5,220.8 | 5,220.0 | 5,220.8 | .. | |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 157.0 | 211.3 | 195.8 | 195.8 | 195.8 | 195.8 | 195.8 | 195.8 | 195.8 | 195.8 | .. | .. | |
| Urban population growth (annual %) | 3.7 | 3.2 | -3.0 | 0.1 | 1.4 | 3.1 | 5.1 | 4.5 | 3.9 | 4.9 | 6.0 | 5.6 | |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 832.0 | 928.4 | 560.6 | 530.4 | 596.4 | 556.9 | 553.8 | 509.6 | 492.1 | 454.5 | .. | .. | |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 681.5 | 1,050.4 | 793.7 | 777.5 | 861.6 | 873.6 | 847.9 | 772.5 | 775.3 | 689.5 | .. | .. | |
| GDP (current US$) | 12,308,624,417.8 | 18,937,052,543.4 | 16,466,863,117.0 | 12,597,854,877.4 | 16,369,843,352.3 | 21,497,782,867.6 | 22,583,045,060.1 | 12,047,752,036.1 | 14,353,205,678.5 | 23,622,827,079.5 | 19,993,439,949.5 | .. | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 3.7 | 0.7 | -4.2 | -6.4 | -0.7 | 1.4 | 1.2 | -0.7 | 1.9 | 0.7 | -1.2 | .. | |
| Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 23.8 | 9.7 | 38.2 | 36.9 | 37.2 | 13.2 | 19.8 | 61.6 | 118.3 | 112.1 | 120.3 | .. | |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 28.3 | 24.7 | 33.1 | 34.2 | 40.6 | 39.0 | 40.7 | 33.9 | 40.1 | 43.1 | .. | .. | |
| Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 24.2 | 33.3 | 15.5 | 16.2 | 17.2 | 18.5 | 15.9 | 21.1 | 18.7 | 12.0 | .. | .. | |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 28.3 | 36.1 | 14.3 | 21.7 | 19.3 | 14.9 | 13.0 | 13.7 | 15.5 | 6.8 | .. | .. | |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 28.0 | 29.2 | 36.8 | 45.4 | 41.7 | 35.7 | 29.0 | 31.1 | 45.7 | 28.8 | .. | .. | |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 6.9 | 5.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.2 | 73.7 | 69.6 | 80.0 | 87.5 | 87.1 | 79.1 | 78.6 | 78.7 | 72.4 | .. | |
| High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 53.7 | 44.6 | 52.4 | 58.0 | 53.2 | 44.5 | 41.8 | 69.9 | 56.8 | 35.9 | 45.6 | 45.0 | |
| Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | .. | 66.9 | 100.0 | 98.4 | 100.5 | 100.9 | 100.7 | 99.1 | 99.5 | 102.0 | 103.8 | .. | |
| External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | .. | .. | 4,419,183,536.1 | 4,367,932,030.6 | 4,603,897,926.4 | 4,583,582,193.9 | 4,590,239,653.7 | 4,763,247,277.8 | 5,028,598,331.8 | 4,862,028,265.3 | 4,875,542,720.1 | .. | |
| Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
| Net migration | -6,620.0 | -34,425.0 | -827,496.0 | -124,063.0 | -287,501.0 | 514,102.0 | 500,985.0 | 269,050.0 | 211,220.0 | 735,142.0 | 757,309.0 | 546,494.0 | |
| Personal remittances, received (current US$) | 385,000,000.0 | 180,000,000.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
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