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Population, total | 116,155,576.0 | 154,879,127.0 | 214,264,647.0 | 217,290,883.0 | 220,138,869.0 | 223,273,967.0 | 226,928,892.0 | 230,800,899.0 | 235,001,746.0 | 239,477,801.0 | 243,700,667.0 | 247,504,495.0 | |
Population growth (annual %) | 3.3 | 2.8 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.5 | |
Surface area (sq. km) | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | 796,100.0 | .. | |
Population density (people per sq. km of land area) | 150.7 | 200.9 | 277.9 | 281.9 | 285.6 | 289.6 | 294.4 | 299.4 | 304.8 | 310.7 | 316.1 | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) | .. | .. | .. | 24.3 | .. | .. | 21.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) | 65.1 | .. | .. | 5.1 | .. | .. | 4.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GNI, Atlas method (current US$) | 42,545,192,073.4 | 72,913,993,116.7 | 267,580,609,363.2 | 279,057,636,265.8 | 299,994,115,109.9 | 323,244,061,611.3 | 353,575,600,973.6 | 349,835,987,639.0 | 321,895,545,822.0 | 340,951,455,392.4 | 369,161,939,893.0 | 360,507,993,853.1 | |
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) | 370.0 | 470.0 | 1,250.0 | 1,280.0 | 1,360.0 | 1,450.0 | 1,560.0 | 1,520.0 | 1,370.0 | 1,420.0 | 1,510.0 | 1,460.0 | |
GNI, PPP (current international $) | 216,842,168,014.5 | 389,228,935,492.0 | 910,654,119,428.1 | 958,594,455,887.1 | 1,002,030,923,785.3 | 1,053,571,682,444.4 | 1,112,712,584,866.3 | 1,142,342,134,518.6 | 1,164,737,809,098.6 | 1,269,115,520,015.6 | 1,422,577,736,416.2 | 1,468,607,929,169.6 | |
GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) | 1,870.0 | 2,510.0 | 4,250.0 | 4,410.0 | 4,550.0 | 4,720.0 | 4,900.0 | 4,950.0 | 4,960.0 | 5,300.0 | 5,840.0 | 5,930.0 | |
Income share held by lowest 20% | 8.1 | .. | .. | 9.3 | .. | .. | 9.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 60.1 | 62.1 | 65.3 | 65.7 | 65.9 | 66.3 | 66.5 | 66.8 | 66.3 | 66.1 | 66.4 | .. | |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 6.4 | 5.3 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.4 | .. | |
Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) | 104.4 | 76.6 | 49.8 | 48.7 | 47.5 | 47.1 | 46.5 | 45.6 | 44.6 | 43.4 | 42.3 | .. | |
Contraceptive prevalence, any method (% of married women ages 15-49) | .. | .. | 32.0 | .. | .. | .. | 34.2 | 34.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | .. | .. | .. | 59.0 | .. | .. | 69.3 | 73.7 | 68.0 | .. | .. | .. | |
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) | 139.7 | 108.1 | 78.4 | 76.1 | 73.8 | 71.6 | 69.4 | 67.3 | 65.1 | 63.0 | 61.0 | .. | |
Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 23.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) | 50.0 | 57.0 | 71.0 | 75.0 | 75.0 | 76.0 | 79.0 | 81.0 | 83.0 | 81.0 | 82.0 | 84.0 | |
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) | .. | .. | 56.9 | .. | 57.8 | .. | 62.1 | 63.5 | .. | 68.2 | 68.1 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary (% gross) | 52.8 | 63.5 | 74.3 | 74.8 | 79.8 | 78.8 | 82.0 | 83.2 | .. | 84.4 | 82.7 | .. | |
School enrollment, secondary (% gross) | 20.7 | .. | 33.2 | 35.2 | 36.4 | 35.9 | 37.7 | 39.6 | .. | 41.9 | 42.4 | .. | |
School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) | 0.5 | .. | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | .. | |
Forest area (sq. km) | 49,867.9 | 45,112.6 | 39,648.3 | 39,326.0 | 38,682.4 | 38,499.2 | 38,085.8 | 37,672.4 | 37,259.0 | 36,845.6 | 36,432.2 | .. | |
Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.8 | .. | |
Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources) | 282.7 | 313.7 | 354.3 | 358.0 | 363.2 | 363.6 | 350.4 | 322.0 | 344.7 | 480.3 | .. | .. | |
Urban population growth (annual %) | 4.2 | 3.4 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.4 | |
Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) | 369.3 | 413.6 | 419.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) | 257.1 | 333.1 | 407.9 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
GDP (current US$) | 40,010,423,970.5 | 99,484,802,344.5 | 271,390,474,857.6 | 299,963,590,534.8 | 313,630,000,130.4 | 339,205,534,861.1 | 356,128,166,704.9 | 320,909,472,770.7 | 300,425,609,818.0 | 348,516,647,445.1 | 374,890,295,666.7 | 337,912,301,397.7 | |
GDP growth (annual %) | 4.5 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 6.6 | 4.4 | 6.2 | 2.5 | -1.3 | 6.5 | 4.8 | 0.0 | |
Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) | 6.5 | 68.0 | 7.2 | 4.4 | 0.9 | 4.0 | 3.8 | 9.0 | 9.9 | 10.3 | 13.9 | 26.0 | |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) | 23.1 | 25.4 | 23.5 | 23.3 | 22.3 | 22.0 | 21.7 | 20.7 | 21.9 | 22.7 | 22.3 | 23.3 | |
Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) | 22.3 | 17.2 | 20.9 | 19.6 | 18.2 | 18.1 | 18.6 | 19.6 | 18.6 | 18.9 | 20.4 | 20.7 | |
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 14.8 | 9.6 | 11.2 | 10.0 | 8.7 | 8.2 | 8.6 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 9.1 | 10.5 | 10.5 | |
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) | 20.2 | 11.8 | 18.3 | 16.7 | 16.0 | 17.3 | 19.0 | 19.5 | 17.4 | 18.0 | 22.5 | 18.1 | |
Gross capital formation (% of GDP) | 18.9 | 16.3 | 14.9 | 15.8 | 15.9 | 16.3 | 17.1 | 15.5 | 14.8 | 14.5 | 15.6 | 14.1 | |
Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) | .. | 11.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Time required to start a business (days) | .. | .. | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 19.5 | 16.5 | 16.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Domestic credit provided by financial sector (% of GDP) | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Tax revenue (% of GDP) | .. | 7.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | |
Military expenditure (% of GDP) | 6.5 | 4.2 | 3.5 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.6 | .. | |
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) | 0.0 | 0.2 | 65.2 | 59.7 | 63.9 | 66.8 | 70.1 | 74.1 | 77.3 | 81.6 | 81.7 | .. | |
High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) | .. | .. | 1.4 | 1.6 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.9 | |
Merchandise trade (% of GDP) | 32.4 | 20.0 | 26.6 | 22.1 | 21.4 | 23.4 | 23.4 | 23.0 | 22.6 | 28.9 | 27.1 | 23.3 | |
Net barter terms of trade index (2015 = 100) | 218.2 | 200.7 | 96.4 | 100.0 | 106.3 | 105.5 | 104.6 | 108.6 | 113.6 | 107.6 | .. | .. | |
External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) | 20,663,375,831.9 | 33,109,821,460.0 | 64,359,863,497.7 | 68,749,830,505.4 | 75,206,431,382.3 | 93,158,143,047.2 | 100,199,117,658.0 | 110,177,707,176.5 | 118,033,657,367.0 | 130,851,037,023.9 | 127,708,005,954.8 | 130,847,370,987.4 | |
Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and primary income) | 27.2 | 28.4 | 15.6 | 14.5 | 15.8 | 22.5 | 19.4 | 35.6 | 39.5 | 33.9 | 42.0 | 43.1 | |
Net migration | 275,242.0 | 252,869.0 | -2,037,920.0 | -2,172,162.0 | -2,290,411.0 | -1,574,585.0 | -1,309,611.0 | -1,177,220.0 | -559,291.0 | -565,673.0 | -1,322,625.0 | -1,619,557.0 | |
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